Hydropower is sustainable and environmentally friendly source of energy worldwide. Driven by streamflow, it is vulnerable to climate change and land use land use change. The hydropower production from the two-existing run-of-river hydropower projects on the Sondu Miriu river are vulnerable to rainfall variability and requires proper understanding of the climate change trends and policies to support sustainable hydropower development and put in place strategies for building resilience for the local communities.

Geothermal power development promotes the availability and reliance on green energy sources
across the globe thus increasing environmental sustainability through climate change mitigation.
Geothermal development in Olkaria field is part of Kenya’s efforts to transition to middle
income and newly industrialized countries by 2030. However, the projects' installations are an
example of developmental undertakings instigating conflicts with the local community over their
relocation and compensation. These conflicts escalate without proper management, yet their

Green agricultural innovations and technologies rain-water harvesting included have the ability to overcome the water related difficulties experienced by households in rural areas. Rainwater harvesting technologies (RWHTs) have been since utilized for decades. Previous studies have evidenced the benefits of RWHTs to rural livelihoods. However, there remains scanty documentation that can be attributed to effects of RWHTs to rural livelihoods water in Arid and Semi-Arid Lands. The overall objective of this research was to assess the effects of a RWHTs to rural livelihoods.